Saeed Yuosefi; Ismael sharifian; Kurosh Ghahraman Tabrizi
Volume 13, Issue 25 , April 2014, , Pages 167-180
Abstract
For years, every body believed that champions led to promote athletes' personality, While personality isn't made automatically through sports, rather than athletes learn positive values just through instructions of coaches. Accordingly, current research performed with the aim of evaluating coaches' performances ...
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For years, every body believed that champions led to promote athletes' personality, While personality isn't made automatically through sports, rather than athletes learn positive values just through instructions of coaches. Accordingly, current research performed with the aim of evaluating coaches' performances in promoting sports morality among national team athletes. This is a survey that its population are the invited players to the camp of national Football, handball, basketball, tae kwon do, wrestle and judo. For sampling, a statistic method was used because the population were small. To collect the data, scholarship questionnaire with 33 items was used that it's validity and reliability were proved through ICC tests (86%) and CVI (90%).The results detected that there is a significant difference between the coaches of individual and team sports. Coaches of individual sports had a better performance than the coaches of team sports. Moreover, these coaches had a good performance for promoting loyal, athletic and fair behaviors as these good performances were significant in the field of loyal and athletic behaviors. They didn't have a good performance in the fields of committing to sports, social responsibilities and denying the winning tendency. According to the results, coaches should try to learn this idea to their athletes that they don't involve in sports just for winning, and they should try more for promoting aspects like committing to sports and social responsibilities.
Mohammad Rasuol Khodadadi; Saeed yousefi; Saeed Rezaye; Ali Jamali
Volume 13, Issue 23 , April 2014, , Pages 147-157
Abstract
Football stadiums, because of manifold factors, could be an environment of demonstrating violence for spectators. Accordingly, this research aims to study the sociological factors of violence among Tabriz football spectators. Statistical population was whole football spectators of Tabriz and sample ...
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Football stadiums, because of manifold factors, could be an environment of demonstrating violence for spectators. Accordingly, this research aims to study the sociological factors of violence among Tabriz football spectators. Statistical population was whole football spectators of Tabriz and sample population was 1045 people chosen by random sampling method in the 6 home competitions of TractorSazi and Gostaresh Foolad. The instrument was an author made questionnaire and the reliability and validity was confirmed. Kolmogrov Smirnov, one sample T test and repeated variance analysis tests were used for statistical methods by SPSS20 software.
The results of variance analysis showed that, cultural intolerance, team position, referee related affairs, reaction to spectators of other teams, personal and psychological problems, hardware factors, software factors, coach and players position and media factors (P≥ 0.05) were effective on violence demonstration from Football spectators point of view. To remove the factors of violence, it would be better to pay attention to position and stand of stadiums at first and then try to solve personal problems.
