Akram Farahani; Ezatolah Shah Mansoori; Zeinab Mondalizadeh
Volume 20, Issue 51 , June 2021, , Pages 169-184
Abstract
The research is to identify the strategies and implications of the presence of women in sports complexes as spectators. The research method was descriptive-analytic with qualitative approach and Delphi method was used for this purpose. The participants were the academic elite of sport management across ...
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The research is to identify the strategies and implications of the presence of women in sports complexes as spectators. The research method was descriptive-analytic with qualitative approach and Delphi method was used for this purpose. The participants were the academic elite of sport management across the country, clerics and law enforcement personnel. The first-round participants were 23, and the second and third round participants were 16. Three rounds of Delphi were used in this regard. The Delphi questionnaire in the third round consisted of 6 components in the strategies section and 4 components in the outcomes section.
Based on an agreement among experts, removing political, security, cultural-social, infrastructure, economic, management and planning barriers beside providing infrastructures were some solutions to dispel doubts. These included important strategies for women to be present. The consequences of women's presence were political, security, economic, and socio-cultural. Promoting political and democratic status in the region and the world, reducing the gap between the government and the will of the people, reducing political pressure on human rights violations are important consequences of women's participation in sports complexes.
Esfandiar Khosravizadeh; Ezatollah Shahmansouri; Jamal Roshanzadeh
Volume 13, Issue 25 , April 2014, , Pages 213-230
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitor factors to girl students’ participation in out-of-school sport activities. This study is a kind of descriptive-survey research. The statistical population was middle schools students (13262 students) in Arak city. The statistical sample ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitor factors to girl students’ participation in out-of-school sport activities. This study is a kind of descriptive-survey research. The statistical population was middle schools students (13262 students) in Arak city. The statistical sample consisted of 372 students based on Morgan table. To collect the data, a researcher made questionnaire was used. Content validity of questionnaire was confirmed by experts and faculty members. Structural validity was confirmed by factor analysis test, and its reliability was confirmed through the kronbach’s coefficient (α = 0.893). This questionnaire involved 39 questions in 7 item scale include structural, intrapersonal, interpersonal, financial, social-cultural, facilities and managerial barriers based on Likert scale from 1 to 5. Descriptive statistic and Friedman test were used to analyze the data. The results showed that, students confronted with the factor inhibiting such as sport spaces, financial, inter-personal, managerial, social-cultural, structural and individual. It suggested that some strategies and actions are necessary to reduce or delete these inhibitors.
