Mohsen Niazi; Akbar Zolfaghari; Ali Farhadian; Shokoufeh Ab Shirin
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this research is to design a pattern for identifying and classifying the components of social hope among Iranian youth by summarizing the research conducted in the field of social hope with a meta-synthesis approach.Method: For this purpose, the studies conducted in the field ...
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Purpose: The purpose of this research is to design a pattern for identifying and classifying the components of social hope among Iranian youth by summarizing the research conducted in the field of social hope with a meta-synthesis approach.Method: For this purpose, the studies conducted in the field of hope between 1390 and 1400 have been examined. Based on this, 15 out of 22 articles were selected as the statistical population for analysis. Met-synthesis is the summation of qualitative studies for providing a deeper understanding of the subjectFindings: The findings showed that 6 categories with 40 concepts are effective in creating social hope. These categories and concepts include social factors(social trust, social participation, social norms, social alienation, social anomie, social prestige, social networks, social power, social security, social justice, social acceptance, and social vitality), family factors(family income, parental education, and family support), economic factors(inflation, economic capital, economic alienation, economic anomy, and economic poverty), political factors(political stability, sanctions, political economy, and political security), demographic factors(education, gender, age, number children, and physical health), and individual-psychological factors(religious beliefs, self-efficacy, hedonism, purposefulness, responsibility, desire to progress, hard work, economic and social base, psychological security, and professional identity). According to research findings, among these factors, social and individual-psychological factors are more decisive.Results: The research results show that more success in personal and private life; access to resources, opportunities and power; as well as higher experiences makes people more ready for social change and strengthens the hope for the future among communities.
hasan qarabaghi; Seyed Morteza Honarmand; Mohammad Atlekhani; Kyomerth Kayseri Guderzi
Abstract
The current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the tendency of young people in Hamadan province to marry, with an approach to attitudinal (cognitive and intellectual maturity), value, psychological (emotional) and lifestyle bases. The statistical population of this research consisted ...
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The current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the tendency of young people in Hamadan province to marry, with an approach to attitudinal (cognitive and intellectual maturity), value, psychological (emotional) and lifestyle bases. The statistical population of this research consisted of all people aged 18 to 35 in Hamadan province. The measuring instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire with a Likert scale. . The research findings showed: 1. 80.4% of young people have an average tendency to marry. 2. There is no significant difference between men and women in the tendency to marry. 3. From the point of view of the respondents, intellectual maturity is considered as one of the obstacles with medium to low importance, and the effect of intellectual maturity on the degree of tendency to marry is considered more important for boys than for girls. 4. From the point of view of the respondents (57% and above), the moral conditions of the society are considered to be of medium to high importance and the effect of the moral conditions of the society on the tendency to marry is considered more important for boys than for girls. 5. The youth of Hamadan province have an optimistic attitude towards marriage, and boys have more optimistic views about marriage than girls, and instead, girls are more realistic than boys in this matter. 6. As the tendency to get married increases, the belief that the promotion of the western lifestyle is a bigger obstacle increases.
HAMID SEDAGHAT; samad beheshty; hamideh dehghani
Abstract
Background : The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between social capital and political participation of youth.
Method: This study was conducted with a quantitative approach and a survey method, and the data was collected using a questionnaire. The statistical population of the ...
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Background : The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between social capital and political participation of youth.
Method: This study was conducted with a quantitative approach and a survey method, and the data was collected using a questionnaire. The statistical population of the research included young people living in Shiraz. After collecting the questionnaires, the necessary information has been analyzed with SPSS and Amos software.
Findings: The findings show that there is a significant relationship between the dimensions of social capital (institutional trust, social trust, social and cultural participation, social relations, support of friends and family, social norms) and youth political participation.
conclusion: Among the dimensions of trust, social trust has not had a direct impact on youth political participation. As a result, the mere existence of social trust does not lead to people's political participation. Social trust can indirectly increase people's political participation by increasing their participation and social relations. Based on this, it cannot be said that the entire scale of social trust has an effect on political participation. And the more social trust people have, the more their political participation is. Also, two dimensions of social norms and their relationship with political participation were investigated, and this relationship was also rejected. Any participation in norms and values does not lead to social capital and political participation. Rather, those norms that lead to and are based on honesty, fulfillment of obligations and mutual communication are somehow effective in producing social capital and increasing participation
zahra feizi; Leila Khosravi Morad; mohammad parsaiyan
Abstract
According to international reports, Iran has ranked 105th and 103rd in the field of social happiness in 2022 and 2021. Regardless of the fact that it is necessary to review the evaluated components of social happiness in this work in relation to Iran's situation, the question arises, under what ...
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According to international reports, Iran has ranked 105th and 103rd in the field of social happiness in 2022 and 2021. Regardless of the fact that it is necessary to review the evaluated components of social happiness in this work in relation to Iran's situation, the question arises, under what model should the promotion of social happiness be done? Therefore, the purpose of this article was to design a model for promoting social happiness among young people. The research approach is qualitative article and qualitative meta-analysis method is used. The statistical population was the sources of youth social happiness research in Noor Mags, comprehensive humanities portal, SID. IR and Iran Doc, after screening, 54 sources were analyzed. The results showed that the determining factors are in the individual category of hope for the future, in the individual social category are the factors of sense of justice and social security, in the social category are social participation, social capital, social trust, the level of religiosity, and in the social economic category of the social economic base. According to the analysis and drawing of the model, it is first necessary to make macro policies in the social, cultural and political fields.
hamid hasani; Homa Doroudi; Firozeh Haji ali akbari
Abstract
The research is to examine strategies to enhance the participation of youth non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in public welfare activities through a social marketing approach. This qualitative study was based on grounded theory. The study focused on youth NGOs and the data was collected through in-depth ...
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The research is to examine strategies to enhance the participation of youth non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in public welfare activities through a social marketing approach. This qualitative study was based on grounded theory. The study focused on youth NGOs and the data was collected through in-depth interviews with 12 experts in social marketing and officials from youth NGOs across the country. The data analysis was conducted using three overlapping coding processes: open coding, axial coding and selective coding, facilitated by Maxqda software.
The results showed that causal factors such as the values and attitudes of youth, education, NGOs' concern for issues, their capabilities and expertise, organizing campaigns and festivals, utilizing celebrities, word-of-mouth advertising, and motivation determine the level of youth participation in public welfare activities. The findings also revealed that strategies for enhancing youth participation include gaining youth satisfaction, expanding the presence of NGOs, strengthening the culture of social participation, promoting social entrepreneurship, creating media campaigns, involving youth in programs (stakeholder engagement), enhancing social capital, using social media, and promoting and developing desirable participatory behaviors among youth. The outcomes included increased social sensitivity and responsibility among youth, greater youth involvement in NGOs, the flourishing of social entrepreneurship, the development of participatory behaviors in public welfare among youth, and the quantitative and qualitative growth of youth NGOs.
omid Abolfathy; saeid moidfar
Abstract
The study is to interpret the meaning of happiness among young people using thematic analysis. To collect the data by snowball method, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 42 young people aged 18-35 years in various fields.
The results showed that the happy young man has goals in his life ...
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The study is to interpret the meaning of happiness among young people using thematic analysis. To collect the data by snowball method, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 42 young people aged 18-35 years in various fields.
The results showed that the happy young man has goals in his life and is trying to achieve his goals. The most important leisure space for young people is a space in which the feeling of freedom and belonging and expressing their ideas and the possibility of establishing social relationships with trust in is possible. In social relationships, areas of happiness for young people and mutual support is achieved. Emotional happiness that comes from internal and external conditions, a response to needs, which brings joy and peace, and an important factor for motivation, satisfaction that will lead to life expectancy.
Social fields for leisure are changing and with the strengthening of the element of agency, young people's understanding of happiness is moving towards transgender approaches. In the formation of social relations, we see less importance of social class and witness the interaction of young people from different social classes. In this regard, the fields of happiness become transcendental and happiness is formed as a common experience in their relationships with others.
In the present situation, the result of mental and objective conditions is of negative effects on the approach of young people, which is a measure to give hope to young people as much as possible.
Saeed Soltani; Mohammad-Bagher Alizadeh Aghdam
Abstract
Today, hope is considered as the most fundamental idea of youth in the field of social development. On the other hand, the three forms of capital can be considered the most important factor in strengthening hope for the future of youth. In the present study, the study of hope for the future has been ...
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Today, hope is considered as the most fundamental idea of youth in the field of social development. On the other hand, the three forms of capital can be considered the most important factor in strengthening hope for the future of youth. In the present study, the study of hope for the future has been considered in relationship with capital factors including social, capital and economic capital has been investigated. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical and survey in terms of data collection. Statistical population is young people aged 15 to 29 years in East Azerbaijan province, 613 of whom have been selected using Cochran's formula and multi-stage cluster sampling at 2018. To collect the data, were used Snyder standard hope questionnaire. Findings show that the average percentage of hope for the future of the studied youth is 62.23%, which shows that the hope for the future has a moderate to high status among young people. The results of testing the hypotheses show that marital status and age were not related to hope for the future of young people, but the average hope for the future was significantly different by city of residence and employment status. Also, hope for the future has a positive and significant relationship with social and cultural capital, but it does not have a significant relationship with economic capital. The results of regression analysis show that the three forms of capital explain about 26% of the variance of the hope for the future.
yousef khojir; mohamad fathi nia; meisam yuosefi sorkhani
Abstract
The present study deals with the issue of young people's reading of their image in radio programs. What categories are effective in young people's reading of their image in radio programs, and in this regard, what analysis and evaluation do students and professionals provide of how young people are represented ...
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The present study deals with the issue of young people's reading of their image in radio programs. What categories are effective in young people's reading of their image in radio programs, and in this regard, what analysis and evaluation do students and professionals provide of how young people are represented in the national media? The present study was of qualitative type and its data collection method was in-depth interview and data processing method was thematic analysis. The statistical population of this study includes two groups of media and youth specialists and students of public universities in Tehran. In total, with the logic of theoretical sampling, 11 media and youth experts were interviewed individually and 15 students were interviewed in groups (in groups of 3 to 5 people). The data collection method of this study was in-depth semi-structured and interactive interviews at both individual (specialists) and group (students) levels. Interview data were also processed through content analysis using MAXQDA software version 10. The findings showed that young people in various areas such as how to represent women's employment, how to represent women's hijab, lack of pluralism and neutrality in the national media, how to represent intergenerational relations in the national media and lack of attention and attention to all. Among the youth in the national media, there have been numerous criticisms of the performance of the national media, which can be a warning to the national media to lose its young audience and reduce their trust in the national media.
Roghayeh Alaei
Abstract
One of the issues of youth in Iranian society is drug use. Drug use is influenced by various factors (environmental and individual). The study is to develop a hard and soft drug use model based on Bandura's cognitive-social learning theory and individual and environmental factors (locus of control, academic ...
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One of the issues of youth in Iranian society is drug use. Drug use is influenced by various factors (environmental and individual). The study is to develop a hard and soft drug use model based on Bandura's cognitive-social learning theory and individual and environmental factors (locus of control, academic procrastination, and academic burnout, positive attitude to materials, family monitoring, family conflict, family consumption, peers and local) among students in city of Tehran. It is a correlation scheme based on SEM method specifically regression equations. The sample size was 460 (54 female, 406 male).
The findings showed that the research model was generally fit for fitting and 9 variables had predictive power and explanation (R2= 0/44) of the light drug use variable (R2= 0/64) of the heavy drug use variable. The validity of the tests was also confirmed by Cronbach's alpha. In general, the questionnaires have a high validity and high credibility. According to the results of the analysis, negative family variables, family conflicts, substance use in the family, negative role of the neighborhood and deviant peers through the mediation of the external locus of control, academic procrastination, academic burnout, positive attitude to the materials have a significant indirect effect on the consumption of light materials And heavy. In direct effect analysis of variables, negative family variables, family conflicts, substance use in the family, negative neighborhood role, deviant peers, and external locus of control, academic procrastination, academic burnout and positive attitude toward materials have a direct effect on light and heavy materials use.
ROBABE ASLANI; samad rasoolzadeh agdam; mehrdad mohammadian
Abstract
Social alienation, with its impact on civic participation, trust, and social vitality, has always been questioned by sociologists. The study based on the theory of Giddens, Bourdieu and Rothstein is to study the social alienation of young people and the effect of perceived corruption in it by survey ...
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Social alienation, with its impact on civic participation, trust, and social vitality, has always been questioned by sociologists. The study based on the theory of Giddens, Bourdieu and Rothstein is to study the social alienation of young people and the effect of perceived corruption in it by survey method using a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population includes 14-29 year olds in Ardabil province who were selected by the Proportionate Stratified Random and using Cochran's formula 373 sample size. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire constructs were calculated using PLS software, which based on the value of AVE, combined reliability and Cronbach's alpha, the questionnaire was of good validity and reliability.
The results showed the level of social alienation and perception of corruption among the youth of Ardabil province was lower than average and the effect of perceived corruption on social alienation was significant. Also, the effect of perceived corruption on the intervention of economic and cultural capital variables and by controlling demographic variables (gender, marriage and place of residence) on the social alienation of young people was significant.The fit indices of the structural equation model showed that there is a high agreement between the experimental data and the conceptual model of the research.
mohamad solimannejad; mohsen niazi; tahereh solimannejad
Abstract
The tendency to risky behaviors is one of the pervasive social harms among young people, which in addition to social and environmental conditions, the tendencies of individuals are the main motivators in the tendency to these behaviors. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of factor and ...
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The tendency to risky behaviors is one of the pervasive social harms among young people, which in addition to social and environmental conditions, the tendencies of individuals are the main motivators in the tendency to these behaviors. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of factor and individualistic variables in the tendency to risky behaviors among Kashani youth. The research method used in the present study was a survey and the statistical sample of the study was 552 young people in Kashan who were selected as the final sample based on Cochran's formula by probabilistic sampling method appropriate to the volume. The reliability of the questionnaire was based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient and its validity was based on the opinions of academic experts. Factor analysis, Pearson correlation test and paired t-test using SPSS 25 software were used for inferential analysis and to measure the relationship between independent and dependent variables. Findings of the study showed that based on gender, boys were more prone to high-risk behaviors than girls. Also hypothesis test results; Feelings of loneliness, hot failure, feelings of loneliness caused by failure, and hedonistic tendencies were significant with the occurrence of risky behaviors. As a result, by reducing the function and role-playing of the family and other factors of socialization, society will witness the spread of risky behaviors and its reproduction in future generations.
Mohsen Banijamali; Soheyla Sadeghi Fasaee
Abstract
This article, based on a qualitative method, and by using semi-structured interviews, seeks to find out how young people attribute themselves to a particular class and how they define their social class. The sample includes 25 single and married young people of different ages, with various class origins. ...
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This article, based on a qualitative method, and by using semi-structured interviews, seeks to find out how young people attribute themselves to a particular class and how they define their social class. The sample includes 25 single and married young people of different ages, with various class origins. The study states that, from the youth's point of view, class consists of social and cultural aspects. This makes the class interpretable, in such a way that the same situations create different class judgments. This is reinforced by the fact that young people still are not independent and therefore, without a stable job status, define their class position through family features with symbolic and cultural criteria. Similarly, since the classification of young people is built on distinct definitions, it does not create separate social generalities. The result is an ambiguity in classification practices and lack of class boundaries in the lives of the youth. Class ambiguity causes young people to not find a common understanding of their social situation. These procedures motivate young people to subjectively attribute a more pre-eminent class position to themselves and thereby overestimate their ability to shape their biographies. This leads to the delusion of an agency in which young people feel they are building their future. It can be interpreted as an epistemological fallacy in young people's perception of their world that could mislead them toward being guilty of their failures.
Elham Shirdel; Maryam Mohammadi; Fateme Hami Kargar
Abstract
The worldwide outbreak of Covid-19 creates significant changes in people's daily lives all over the world. Therefore, the present study can examine the feelings of young people at this point in history (Covid-19). This study used in-depth and semi-standard interviews according to the phenomenological ...
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The worldwide outbreak of Covid-19 creates significant changes in people's daily lives all over the world. Therefore, the present study can examine the feelings of young people at this point in history (Covid-19). This study used in-depth and semi-standard interviews according to the phenomenological method and context of research. Thus, among the youth of Sistan and Baluchestan, 41 people have been selected and studied by purposive sampling method; Findings were categorized into two main themes, nine sub-themes, and 64 Primary themes. The central theme of emotional transmission in young people shows that the Rapid spread of the disease and its bitter consequences have caused emotional continuity between different social groups, The epidemic of sad life in society, and even global emotion. Another central theme of emotional insecurity in young people consists of the sub-themes, fear, anxiety about the spread and lack of treatment of the disease in the high-risk society, growing frustration, uncertainty, and emotional fatigue resulting from lockdown and corona progression. According to the research results, the youth of this province, along with the problems caused by the Corona epidemic, experienced different and continuous negative emotions such as sadness, fear, despair, indecision, and anger, which provided them with a static and complex emotional life-world. On the other hand, sympathetic feelings and emotional contagion have caused more emotional stagnation and destruction of young people, which seems helpful to pay attention to the needs of young people and the transfer of positive emotional norms to improve their emotions.
Karim Rezadoost; Ismail Hashemi; Ismail Zakvi
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate some social factors affecting the tendency of young people in Ahvaz to consume alcohol. The sample size was estimated based on Cochran's formula of 383 people and multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to select them. A questionnaire was used to collect ...
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The purpose of this study is to investigate some social factors affecting the tendency of young people in Ahvaz to consume alcohol. The sample size was estimated based on Cochran's formula of 383 people and multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to select them. A questionnaire was used to collect data from this study. SPSS23 software was used for data analysis. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to investigate the relationship between independent variables and the tendency variable to consume alcohol and regression analysis was used to examine the effect of each variable on the variable of tendency to consume alcohol. The results of Pearson correlation test showed that there was a direct relationship between the variables of Western media use (r = 0.364), companionship with friends and peers (r = 0.319) and social isolation (r = 0.198) with the variables of tendency to alcohol consumption. And there is meaning. Also, the results of Pearson correlation coefficient showed that the variable of religiosity (r = -0.409) has a significant inverse effect on the variable of tendency to alcohol consumption and there is no significant relationship between age and tendency to alcohol consumption. The results of regression analysis also showed that the variable of religiosity (Beta = 0.324) has the most effect on the variable of tendency to alcohol consumption and the variable of social isolation (Beta = 0.188) has the least effect on the variable of tendency to consume alcohol. Be.
Ali ayar; hadi afra
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between social capital and the commission of violent behaviors among young people. The statistical population is the youth of 18 to 30 years old in Ilam city. The sample size was determined to be 520 people using Sample Power software. Data ...
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between social capital and the commission of violent behaviors among young people. The statistical population is the youth of 18 to 30 years old in Ilam city. The sample size was determined to be 520 people using Sample Power software. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and statistical tests using spss22 software. Findings show that there is a significant and inverse relationship between social capital and violent behaviors of young people (0.419). There is also a significant and inverse relationship between social control (0.453) and social support (0.198) with violent behaviors of young people. The path analysis model shows that social capital, in addition to having a direct effect on the perpetration of violence indirectly through the intermediate variables of social control and social support, also has an inverse effect on the variable of violent behaviors. Findings from multivariate regression analysis show that independent variables explain 22% of the variance of violent youth behaviors. Violent behaviors of young people can be attributed to the reduction of social capital in society. As much as there is a sense of social support and social control among individuals, social capital increases and will have a deterrent effect on the spread of violent behaviors in society. Thus, social capital is a very important factor in combating violent behaviors among young people in contemporary societies.
Aliasghar Esmaelzadeh
Abstract
The city of Karaj has special features that distinguish it from other metropolises, including the existence of suburbs and prisons within the city. The purpose of this study is to investigate the social and cultural determinants of crime, which was conducted in 2020. The method of the present research ...
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The city of Karaj has special features that distinguish it from other metropolises, including the existence of suburbs and prisons within the city. The purpose of this study is to investigate the social and cultural determinants of crime, which was conducted in 2020. The method of the present research is meta-analysis of the content of texts. The statistical population is the research conducted in the field of crimes and social deviations. The total volume of the samples was 3001, which in addition to showing the importance of the present study can increase the accuracy of the results of the present study. Durkheim's theory of anomie was the most used theory in the reviewed studies. Immigration and peer variables were the most commonly used variables. "Drug use and trafficking" has been studied as a dependent variable more than other crimes and social deviations with four cases in the study. Gender, age and education have been the main variables in explaining crime. Men were more guilty than women and immigrants were more guilty than the natives. The results showed that the findings of the study are consistent with the results of some other studies, but a review of theoretical approaches to crime shows a change in the reading of crime. Also, the results of Chi-square test showed that in spatial analysis of crime, variables of darkness and light, solitude and coziness of crime scene, time of occurrence and locality and population density were significantly associated with the type and extent of crime.
mohammad fateminia; ghobad kazemi; satar parvin
Abstract
Many crimes that occur in society are not usually reflected in the formal statistics. Influenced by several factors, victims of crime mainly are not willing to report the crime to authorities relevant in this regard. Victim surveys are a good way to accurately estimate the incidence of crime.This study ...
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Many crimes that occur in society are not usually reflected in the formal statistics. Influenced by several factors, victims of crime mainly are not willing to report the crime to authorities relevant in this regard. Victim surveys are a good way to accurately estimate the incidence of crime.This study is to provide a more accurate estimation of the crime rates through conducting a victimology survey among students of Allameh Tabataba’i University. The research sample is 400 undergraduates, graduate and doctoral students.The findings showed that about 37% of students have been victimized at least once in the past year and only 22% of them reported the crime to the formal authorities. Also, the highest crime rates are related to streets, public transportation and cyberspace. Only 14% of crimes are occurred on university campus. The results of the study can help to understand the victimization of students and develop legal, psychological and social support programs for them.
Ali Arabi; Farank Dalvand
Abstract
Transition to organic communities is an inevitable necessity for contemporary societies. NGOs have been considered as facilitators of this transition in theoretical models of democracy. In this study, in connection with these theoretical models, from a problematic approach, the relationship between social ...
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Transition to organic communities is an inevitable necessity for contemporary societies. NGOs have been considered as facilitators of this transition in theoretical models of democracy. In this study, in connection with these theoretical models, from a problematic approach, the relationship between social capital and tolerance is investigated. The statistical population included all non-governmental organizations registered in the General Directorate of Sports and Youth of Shiraz. The data required for this research have been collected using social survey method and questionnaire tools. The results of data analysis clearly showed that the amount of social capital and tolerance in all dimensions are lower than the theoretical average. Also, the relationship between social capital and tolerance was not statistically confirmed. These findings remind the social policymakers and the scientific, cultural and political community of the need for qualitative research in connection with the exploratory explanation or description of such findings.
Sattar parvin; Behzad Khedri; Ghobad Kazemi
Volume 18, Issue 46 , March 2020, , Pages 221-246
Abstract
One of the most important threats to the security of the various classes of the society is the occurrence of crimes within the community, which bring to victims a variety of psychological, economic and social consequences. The research examine the victimization of juvenile among students according to ...
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One of the most important threats to the security of the various classes of the society is the occurrence of crimes within the community, which bring to victims a variety of psychological, economic and social consequences. The research examine the victimization of juvenile among students according to the context and of the problem. Therefore, the study is to understand and interpret the victimization process.
The statistical population was all three graded students who studied at Allameh Tabatabai University in the academic year of 2018-2019. The sampling method was purposeful and the sample size equals to 30 students. The research method was qualitative and the data were collected by using semi-structured interview and analyzed with the technique of thematic. The results showed that the robbery is more prevalence than any other crime. As well as, most victims have been victimized in the late hours of the day and at night. Most of the victims believed they prefer to deal with the case in a personal way, which would prefer personalized face-to-face strategies. It means, they more utilize problem-solving skills than structural encounters and referral to judge institutions. Victims have been confronted three stages of thinking, feeling and experiencing, in the victimization process. Also, the most important consequences of victimization were including: the erosion of social norms, psychological distress, and self-reproach, and insanity, loss of capital and economic issues.
Ali Ruhani; Soheila Haji Heidari
Volume 18, Issue 46 , March 2020, , Pages 247-266
Abstract
The entry of network sales to Iran back in 1379 (Hijri Shamsi), which was declared illegitimate in 1384, causing many problems in the country. Subsequently, in spite of the many hardships, a number of representatives of the Ministry of Intelligence, the Ministry of Industry, Mine and Trade, the Ministry ...
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The entry of network sales to Iran back in 1379 (Hijri Shamsi), which was declared illegitimate in 1384, causing many problems in the country. Subsequently, in spite of the many hardships, a number of representatives of the Ministry of Intelligence, the Ministry of Industry, Mine and Trade, the Ministry of Defense, and the Prosecutor General's Office were formed as a monitoring committee for network marketing activities over the course of several years, and its secretariat at the Department of Affairs Tradesmen and merchants of the Ministry of Industry, Mining and Trade. Eventually, on 6/6/1390, the first license was given to one of the network marketing companies, and since that time, we continue to see the growth of such companies. In this paper, we have tried to use the qualitative approach and the benefit of the critical ethnographic approach in the framework of the five-dimensional business approach, the experience of individuals from the presence of network marketing companies and the process that they understand and experience and, ultimately, the results that they are concerned with. To be Hence, a one-year obscure collaborative observation was conducted in four of the network marketing companies. During this process, interviews were conducted by interviewing and identifying people who refused to respond to profound interviews with 16 people who had a long history of withdrawal from network marketing companies. Findings In the form of concepts and categories such as unbalanced profit and cost, the elimination of two systems of system, extra ambiguity, the creation of distance with society, debris of desires, erosion concerns, erosion of hope and wish, affective vulnerability of members, caricature of network marketing, and ... extracted and explained.
Marzieh Ebrahimi
Volume 18, Issue 45 , December 2019, , Pages 127-148
Abstract
Youth policy making and management is always complex and difficult. Young people are considered as human capital of a community. Given the rapid changes in society, the need for research and recognition of their present status are of great importance. Cohabitation is one of the issues that have recently ...
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Youth policy making and management is always complex and difficult. Young people are considered as human capital of a community. Given the rapid changes in society, the need for research and recognition of their present status are of great importance. Cohabitation is one of the issues that have recently been seen among young people, and due to the cultural and social contradictions of this style of life with the conditions of Iranian society, the causation and study of the subject were defined as a research. This research was conducted using grounded theory and in-depth interviews with ten young people in the city. The findings showed that the circumstances of the young people's tendency toward cohabitation (white marriage) include changing their attitudes toward marriage and family values, the primacy of sexual maturity on social maturity and concern of the future and the most important areas of cohabitation tendency include family backgrounds, unsuccessful experiences with the opposite sex and the weakness of religious beliefs, media and membership in friendships experienced in marriage. Interfering conditions for young people's tendency toward cohabitation (white marriage) has been identified and justifies the strategy of young people versus choosing this lifestyle: the blame for family and community and the ineffectiveness of knowing formal and informal norms. Most contributors to the study reduce the implications of the tendency to marry, losing marriage opportunities, reducing social capital and exposure to Physical and spiritual illnesses.
Soheila Mobarak; Zahra Hazrati Someeh; Bagher Saroo Khani
Volume 18, Issue 44 , September 2019, , Pages 193-216
Abstract
The study is to study the sociological study on the Transition of religious culture through families to young people in the last four decades. Theoretical framework in present study benefited from the views of Berger and Lockman, Inglehart, Giddens, Glock, and Stark. The research method is descriptive-explanatory. ...
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The study is to study the sociological study on the Transition of religious culture through families to young people in the last four decades. Theoretical framework in present study benefited from the views of Berger and Lockman, Inglehart, Giddens, Glock, and Stark. The research method is descriptive-explanatory. The statistical population consisted of the youth of the last four decades in Tehran, the sample size was 390 people using Cochran formula and the samples were selected using cluster sampling and random sampling. To collect data, a questionnaire with interview and observation technique was used which has formal and reliable content validity with Cronbach's alpha of 0/83. Findings showed that religious culture significantly and directly correlates with the institutionalization of religion in the family. Among the studied age groups, there was a significant and negative difference in the religious culture of the last four decades. Also, the findings from the multiple regression model showed that the variables of religious education, beliefs, beliefs, education, commitment and commitment of the family towards religion were among the influential and significant factors in the transfer of religious culture in the last four decades.
Mohammad Reza Mohammad Jaani; Seyyed Ahmad Reza Dastgheib
Volume 17, Issue 42 , March 2019, , Pages 187-214
Abstract
This survey research is to identify the factors affecting the effectiveness of youth non-governmental organizations in Fars Province. The statistical population was the all 54 active youths' NGOs in Shiraz city. The sample size was 273 people who were selected through stratified random sampling from ...
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This survey research is to identify the factors affecting the effectiveness of youth non-governmental organizations in Fars Province. The statistical population was the all 54 active youths' NGOs in Shiraz city. The sample size was 273 people who were selected through stratified random sampling from 34 organizations and completed a researcher-made questionnaire with 73 items. Validity and reliability of the questionnaire were acceptable. Data were analyzed using one sample t-test, multiple regressions, independent samples t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and one way ANOVA. The findings indicated that the effectiveness of the NGOs was slightly higher than average. Furthermore, there was significant relationship between human, social and cultural capital and structural factors with NGOs' effectiveness. The result revealed the importance of all sorts of capitals and structural factors in effectiveness of youths' NGOs.
Jafar Hezar Jaribi; Bahman Sobhani
Volume 17, Issue 41 , December 2018, , Pages 29-48
Abstract
Youth unemployment is currently one of the main issues facing the country, and identification of employment policy challenges is one of the main prerequisites for solving this problem. The research is to identify the basic challenges of youth employment and provide an appropriate policy strategy.
The ...
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Youth unemployment is currently one of the main issues facing the country, and identification of employment policy challenges is one of the main prerequisites for solving this problem. The research is to identify the basic challenges of youth employment and provide an appropriate policy strategy.
The research is carried out qualitatively and its data were obtained through interviews with 17 experts in the field of labor market and employment policy, and for analyzing the findings of the research, SWOT and AHP models have been used.
The findings showed the internal weaknesses of the labor market (with an average weight of 6/89 and a relative weight of 0/766) are more important in the labor market. After that, opportunities outside the labor market (weighing 6/79 and a relative weight of 0/754) are important. Threats outside the labor market (with a weighted average of 6/74 and a relative weight of 0/749) are important in the third order. Finally, the internal strengths of the labor market (with an average weight of 29/6 and a relative weight of 0/699) are of the least importance and impact.
As the results, in each domains and dimensions of the labor market, Change Direction (WO) Strategies should be selected firstly. "Changing the way of students conduct academic studies from theoretical courses to technical and professional skills", "reducing the acceptance of universities, especially in theoretical and non-technical fields", "Establishment of an income-tax system, especially in non- Manufacturing and interfaces" and "Changing the jobs creation from investor jobs to user jobs" are examples of these strategies.
Tahereh Jafari; zahra taleb lo
Volume 16, Issue 38 , March 2018, , Pages 125-148
Abstract
"Virtual Social Networks" are one of the many services currently provided in the world of information technology. Social networks are one of the most significant culture creation tools in the contemporary world and have an important role in shaping of beliefs, attitudes, motivations and behaviours. ...
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"Virtual Social Networks" are one of the many services currently provided in the world of information technology. Social networks are one of the most significant culture creation tools in the contemporary world and have an important role in shaping of beliefs, attitudes, motivations and behaviours. These networks aid the users in maintenance of social relationships and finding new friends, and bring about the groundworks for membership, activity, and targeted participation. Secret language is a type of social language which has a record with particular characteristics. Secret language is made up of a set of words which do not have a background in social class, race, religion, etc. and their advent is heavily influenced by the social media.
The research presented here has been conducted with the aim of assessing the place of virtual social networks in promoting secret language in the Refah University students. The population comprised of Refah University students, 16 of whom were interviewed by the researcher. The main questions of the study including: how and how often students utilise social networks, and the prevalence of secret language within the female social network users, were addressed by conducting in-depth interviews with these students. The primary findings suggest the most significant lingual changes have occurred on the word level (e.g. shortening, removal, etc.). Other results include: usage of social network, types of interaction between the users in social networks, the user’s feeling towards new words, visual language, style of writing, the locations where social networks are accessed, application of words, and methods of creating words.
