Original Article
Fatemeh Rashid; Shahla Kazemi Pour Sabet; Hossein Aghajani Mersa
Volume 17, Issue 41 , December 2018, Pages 9-28
Abstract
The study is to measure the relationship between the quality of marital life of youth with demographic factors. This research is based on the descriptive-correlation nature. The statistical population contains all married women between the ages of 18 and 29 years living in Karaj. According to the ...
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The study is to measure the relationship between the quality of marital life of youth with demographic factors. This research is based on the descriptive-correlation nature. The statistical population contains all married women between the ages of 18 and 29 years living in Karaj. According to the Cochran formula, the sample size is 465 people. The sample was determined by cluster sampling and then by simple random sampling. In theoretical foundations, theories of quality of life, Parsons, Safi, homogeneous, and the like are used. Finally, theoretical model of the research is designed. This research was conducted using a survey method. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. Reliability of the questionnaire was obtained by Cronbach's alpha for all dimensions of the questionnaire above 0/7, which is acceptable. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics and analyzed using SPSS software. The result of the hypothesis with related tests shows that there is a significant relationship between quality of life and age, marriage age, age interval with spouse, duration of marriage, fertility age. According to regression and path analysis, the most and the strongest influence on the quality of marital life can be directly related to the direct effect of the variables of the marriage period (0/772), the age difference with the spouse (0/381) and the marriage age (0/440).
Original Article
Jafar Hezar Jaribi; Bahman Sobhani
Volume 17, Issue 41 , December 2018, Pages 29-48
Abstract
Youth unemployment is currently one of the main issues facing the country, and identification of employment policy challenges is one of the main prerequisites for solving this problem. The research is to identify the basic challenges of youth employment and provide an appropriate policy strategy.
The ...
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Youth unemployment is currently one of the main issues facing the country, and identification of employment policy challenges is one of the main prerequisites for solving this problem. The research is to identify the basic challenges of youth employment and provide an appropriate policy strategy.
The research is carried out qualitatively and its data were obtained through interviews with 17 experts in the field of labor market and employment policy, and for analyzing the findings of the research, SWOT and AHP models have been used.
The findings showed the internal weaknesses of the labor market (with an average weight of 6/89 and a relative weight of 0/766) are more important in the labor market. After that, opportunities outside the labor market (weighing 6/79 and a relative weight of 0/754) are important. Threats outside the labor market (with a weighted average of 6/74 and a relative weight of 0/749) are important in the third order. Finally, the internal strengths of the labor market (with an average weight of 29/6 and a relative weight of 0/699) are of the least importance and impact.
As the results, in each domains and dimensions of the labor market, Change Direction (WO) Strategies should be selected firstly. "Changing the way of students conduct academic studies from theoretical courses to technical and professional skills", "reducing the acceptance of universities, especially in theoretical and non-technical fields", "Establishment of an income-tax system, especially in non- Manufacturing and interfaces" and "Changing the jobs creation from investor jobs to user jobs" are examples of these strategies.
Original Article
Azam Shakouri; Asadollah Naghdi; Hossein Emam Ali Zade; Zahra Rahimi
Volume 17, Issue 41 , December 2018, Pages 49-72
Abstract
Marriage is one of the most important periods of life for each person, which occurs sooner or later, or even if it does not occur, has wide implications on personal and social consequences. In the meantime, what has been learned from previous research is that having jobs and income is one of the most ...
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Marriage is one of the most important periods of life for each person, which occurs sooner or later, or even if it does not occur, has wide implications on personal and social consequences. In the meantime, what has been learned from previous research is that having jobs and income is one of the most important necessities to marriage, but seeing large numbers of single employees who have jobs has raised the question of why there is also lack of marriage in the workforce. Therefore, the study is to investigate the factors affecting marital neglect between the employees of Hamedan city offices. The theoretical foundations of research based on rational choice theory, demographic transition theory, modernization perspective, gender equality theory, the theory of stagnation inflation, in the view of Giddens modernization and trust, also Durkheim's structural transition perspective and Merton's anomy theory. The research method was survey and data collection tool was questionnaire. After reviewing the theoretical and empirical foundations in relation to the subject matter, 13 factors that seemed to determine the status of employees' civility were selected and formulated in the form of research hypotheses. The findings showed that insufficient financial accountability variables, in spite of having a job and income, difficulty in getting married, and being subjected to marriage, are difficult to meet in today's society, the couple's concern about having a marriage failed, believing in being. The cost of high marriage opportunities, single pleasure, interaction with the opposite sex, having the idealist expectations of marriage, and the type of attitude to marriage are the significant factors associated with employees' civility.
Original Article
Somayyeh Gholami Gharab; Seyyed Jalil Hosseini Ajdad Niaki
Volume 17, Issue 41 , December 2018, Pages 73-84
Abstract
The research is to study the socio-cultural factors affecting the organization of marriage among all students of the Humanities Department of Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran in 1395. The present research is descriptive co-relational survey and of purposeful purpose. The statistical ...
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The research is to study the socio-cultural factors affecting the organization of marriage among all students of the Humanities Department of Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran in 1395. The present research is descriptive co-relational survey and of purposeful purpose. The statistical population of the present study was all students of the Humanities Department of Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran whose number was 288. The number of samples was 143 who randomly selected based on the Morgan table. Data were collected from two researcher-made questionnaires: 1- social factors (family attitude, friendship, education, economic status) including 41 questions and 2- cultural factors (religion, customs, traditions, beliefs and beliefs) which included 33 questions based on the five-value Likert spectrum used in this study. Findings of the research indicated that the components of religion and religion, customs, traditions, beliefs and beliefs, family attitudes, friends' attitudes, education, and economic status affect the organization of youth marriage. The results also showed that there is a significant difference between the eight components of marriage organizing: the economic situation with a mean of 6/83, the first rank, and the best grade and component of the tradition with the average score of 1/89 and the lowest ranked students. It can be concluded that each of the factors of religion, customs, traditions, beliefs and beliefs, family and friends' attitudes, education and economic status affect the organization of youth marriage, but their degree of influence is different. So, the economics and attitudes of friends can have more impact than other components.
Original Article
Younes Danesh; Mostfa Zahiri Nia
Volume 17, Issue 41 , December 2018, Pages 85-96
Abstract
The expansion and widespread use of social net works plays an important role in the daily lives of young people in particular. The study is to study the consequences of the use of social networks. This qualitative study, using the phenomenological approach with purposive sampling and semi-structured ...
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The expansion and widespread use of social net works plays an important role in the daily lives of young people in particular. The study is to study the consequences of the use of social networks. This qualitative study, using the phenomenological approach with purposive sampling and semi-structured interviews was conducted. After analyzing the interviews, users' motivation categories were extracted to use social networks, negative consequences, as well as positive consequences of using social networks. Lack of cultural programs, attractive location and lack of recreational facilities are motivating reasons to use social networks. The possibility of easy social interaction as a positive consequence of social networks and the use of inappropriate language, differences between family members and consumerism of the consequences of social networks were negative. These findings can reflect the consequences of using social networks.
Original Article
Masumeh Mohammad Hasan; Amir Babak Marjani
Volume 17, Issue 41 , December 2018, Pages 97-112
Abstract
Social capital, like other capitals, has prepared a suitable platform for access to opportunities and goals of life and is one of the key sources of organizational and social success. In modern times, managers need more social capital than they require physical and human capital. The study is to examine ...
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Social capital, like other capitals, has prepared a suitable platform for access to opportunities and goals of life and is one of the key sources of organizational and social success. In modern times, managers need more social capital than they require physical and human capital. The study is to examine the effect of social capital on the organization's readiness to implement knowledge management in the Ministry of Sports and Youth. The statistical population of this study is made up of all staff members of the Ministry of Sports and Youth, which numbered 480 people. With regard to this issue, according to the Cochran sampling formula, the sample size is set at 214 people. In this research, a questionnaire was used to measure the variables of the research. The validity of this questionnaire was confirmed through content validity and reliability based on the Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The relationship analysis also uses path analysis in the form of structural equation modeling and SPSS software. The results showed that there was a meaningful relationship between the social behavioral dimension of social capital and the dimensions of production, use and dissemination of knowledge. There was also a significant relationship between the cognitive dimension of social capital and the dimensions of production, application, implementation and dissemination of knowledge. Therefore, the main hypothesis of the research is that the two variables of social capital and knowledge management are correlated.
Original Article
Davood Noori; Bahram Ghadimi; Masoumeh Shojae
Volume 17, Issue 41 , December 2018, Pages 113-136
Abstract
The study is to design a model of football diplomacy in Iran, which is based on the Grounded Theory and through interviews with 23 managers, experts, faculty members, legislators and diplomats and media practitioners who use the Snowball method and selection of experts with maximum oscillation was done. ...
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The study is to design a model of football diplomacy in Iran, which is based on the Grounded Theory and through interviews with 23 managers, experts, faculty members, legislators and diplomats and media practitioners who use the Snowball method and selection of experts with maximum oscillation was done. The data were analyzed through three open, axial, and selective coding steps through Nvivo 10 software. The findings, in three stages of coding, identified and categorized the main and secondary categories of football diplomacy: the causal conditions (football nature, structural factors, cultural policies, international politics, Management policies, media policies, professional sport policies); background conditions (economic factors, factors related to government and politics, cultural and social factors, measurement criteria and policies related to FIFA); strategies (international actions, structural actions, cultural and social actions, actions related to expedition teams, business and economic actions), and consequences (dignity and prestige International, development of peace and friendship, isolationism, national identity and convergence, and development of sport tourism, power generation and upgrading of skills). Finally, the paradigm and theoretical model of football diplomacy were formed, As a result of football diplomacy in Iran, according to Progressive constraints that have been affected by different conditions are far from reaching the desired and expected status. Therefore, the application of some strategies will be effective in achieving the desired situation and can somewhat have the desired outcomes for diplomacy.
Original Article
Bahman Nik Khoo; Saeid Jafari Nia; Akbar Hassan Pour; Hosein Abbasiyan
Volume 17, Issue 41 , December 2018, Pages 137-160
Abstract
One of the major problems that organizations especially human resources are involved with at present is the staff not willing to discuss or participation in the organization. Organizational silence is an inefficient organizational process that reduces costs and effort. The main goal of this research ...
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One of the major problems that organizations especially human resources are involved with at present is the staff not willing to discuss or participation in the organization. Organizational silence is an inefficient organizational process that reduces costs and effort. The main goal of this research is to help organizations to become familiar with the most important factors affecting the phenomenon of organizational silence and efforts to reduce it in the organization. The present research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of its nature and descriptive-survey method. In order to achieve the goal, in the first step, a total of 36 factors influencing organizational silence were extracted through comprehensive library studies and evaluations of previous studies. In order to collect experts' opinions to implement the Fuzzy Delphi technique, a Five-Scale Likert questionnaire was used and factors affecting organizational silence were screened. In the next step, the checklist questionnaire was used to determine the weight of the factors and was distributed among the experts. Then, the second questionnaire was presented to the experts in the form of Likert spectrum. Researchers, human resource and behavioral experts who are a member of the scientific management team or have human resource management in organizations located in the province of Tehran. Sampling is unpredictable and snowball type. In this research, 12 experts were selected as respondents. Validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts, and the reliability was calculated according to the incompatibility rate obtained from the pairwise comparison of 0/089765. Therefore, considering that it is less than 0/1, it is acceptable. After screening with Fuzzy Delphi technique, 23 factors were accepted according to the experts' opinion for prioritization. Finally, based on the weights obtained by Fuzzy AHP method, the selected factors were selected using the ARAS technique. According to the results of the research, managers' fears of negative feedback, lack of motivational managers and environmental-cultural factors, concepts related to psychology, and the perception of the director's inability to perform the work were the highest priority.
Original Article
Seyyed Ahmad Hosseiny Gol Afshan; Seyyedeh Nahid Karimi; Davood Azizi
Volume 17, Issue 41 , December 2018, Pages 160-178
Abstract
The study is to provide an organized and complete view of the impact of Ministry of Sports and Youth's strategies on choosing the appropriate leadership style in the championship sport and benefiting from 50 internal and external papers. The methodology of this research is qualitative and its data is ...
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The study is to provide an organized and complete view of the impact of Ministry of Sports and Youth's strategies on choosing the appropriate leadership style in the championship sport and benefiting from 50 internal and external papers. The methodology of this research is qualitative and its data is bibliographic, site-specific and descriptive, in terms of purpose and nature, is applicable in terms of time and duration, monthly and sectional data collected by the library method. The data theory of the Foundation, as a qualitative research approach, has systematic procedures for inductive theorizing, for data analysis. The research data were codified in three stages (open, axial, and selective) and after extracting the concepts, the categories and the theories, the result of this inductive process involves studies and criticisms of management styles derived from their sporting strategies. In Ministry of Sports and Youth, there are 51 federations and 31 departments of the provinces, the result of which is the selection of their leadership style, the cultivation of heroes. In the most recent findings, we found that there is a relationship between leadership styles and individual characteristics. The results indicate that there is a significant relationship between the age and the leadership style of duty, which indicates the attention to duty. As in the theoretical and research topics, personal characteristics such as age, management history, training, and education level are influential on leadership styles of managers, it can be concluded that sports managers also have some of their own characteristics in applying their leadership styles
Original Article
Shahrzad Esmaeili; Farideh Ashraf Ganjouei; Ali Zarei
Volume 17, Issue 41 , December 2018, Pages 179-190
Abstract
The study is to predict the sports commitment of physical education students based on environmental factors. This is a descriptive study as a research strategy, in terms of execution path of Correlation type, in terms of time is a section, as data collection is a field, in terms of purpose is applied ...
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The study is to predict the sports commitment of physical education students based on environmental factors. This is a descriptive study as a research strategy, in terms of execution path of Correlation type, in terms of time is a section, as data collection is a field, in terms of purpose is applied and in terms of outcomes it is prospective one. The statistical population of the study was all physical education students of physical education faculty in Islamic Azad University of Central and Northern Tehran and Research Science Branches (680 people). According to the Morgan table, 382 people were selected as a statistical sample. Accordingly, due to lack of cooperation (12 students), 370 students were randomly selected as sample. The Athletic Commitment Questionnaire of Scanlan et al. (1993) and the Environmental Factors Questionnaire of Reimers et al. (2006) were used to collect data. Content validity of the questionnaire approved by 10 professors of physical education and the reliability of the questionnaire was 0.82 and 0.81 respectively for the Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the sports commitment questionnaire and the environmental factors. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage of frequency, mean and standard deviation), and inferential statistics of Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Spearman correlation coefficient and regression were used by SPSS software. According to the Spearman test, there is a significant and direct relationship between environmental factors and sport commitment of physical education students. The coefficient of determination (R2) shows that 25% of the total variance sport commitment changes related to environmental factors. Also, the results of regression test showed that the environmental factor has the ability to predict student sports commitment.
Original Article
Mustafa Ali yari; Ebrahim Mahmoodi; Mahdi Savadi
Volume 17, Issue 41 , December 2018, Pages 191-210
Abstract
In today's competitive environment, discovering customer needs and meeting their demands before competitors is a key prerequisite for companies to succeed. The study is to find a model for explaining customer satisfaction and measuring it. The present research attempts to compare customer expectations ...
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In today's competitive environment, discovering customer needs and meeting their demands before competitors is a key prerequisite for companies to succeed. The study is to find a model for explaining customer satisfaction and measuring it. The present research attempts to compare customer expectations of product or service performance with product or service performance (according to customer perceptions) during a process. Finally, the focus of this study is on clarifying the variables associated with the process of customer satisfaction which results in a managerial exploitation by measuring customer satisfaction. In this research, first of all, the concepts, theoretical principles and customer satisfaction measurement models are investigated in order to determine the factors affecting customer satisfaction from the theoretical aspect. Then, the model used to assess customer satisfaction as the current study is described and its results are described. In order to analyze the data collected by research questionnaires the satisfaction of different groups of customers regarding the equipment and services studied from the perspective of the indicators of the European customer satisfaction measurement model is described. The statistical population of this study was selected by cluster sampling method and has been sampled in 73 samples. Meanwhile, for data analysis statistical methods for comparison of means and correlation for data analysis have been used.
Original Article
Manizhe Jahanbin; Mohammad Hossein Moshref Javadi; Sardar Mohammadi
Volume 17, Issue 41 , December 2018, Pages 211-222
Abstract
Organizational cynicism is a belief that an organization lacks integrity, when coupled with a powerful negative emotional reaction, leads to disparaging and critical behavior. Based on this study, the main objective was design of factors affecting organizational cynicism and the consequences ...
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Organizational cynicism is a belief that an organization lacks integrity, when coupled with a powerful negative emotional reaction, leads to disparaging and critical behavior. Based on this study, the main objective was design of factors affecting organizational cynicism and the consequences of it. The methodology is a combined method. At first, a qualitative meth and then a quantitative method were used. The population consisted of all research staff of the Ministry of youth and sports, and the sample was estimated of 370 people. To collect the data, a questioner was made by researcher, including characteristics of individual and standard- based on questioners of James, Robinson & Maurice, chiaboro, mouse and holds. Content validity of the questioner was done by experts, and for reliability, alpha Cronbach was used. To analyze the qualitative data, the software of MASQDA, SPSS and AMOS were used.
The results of the qualitative section of research showed that there is an index with 16 components and sub components. The findings of the quantitative section showed that in the Ministry of sports and youth, positive work experiences, individual differences, perceived organizational support and negative work experiences, psychological pressure and psychological breach of contracts are of effects on organizational cynicism. Organizational cynicism is also effect on its own implications and dimensions, behavioral implications and job performance. Also, the findings showed that the model was fitted and appropriate to the research. Totally, the factors affecting organizational cynicism leads to significant attitudinal and behavioral implications on the organization.
Original Article
Mohammad Nouhi; Javad Shahlaee Bagheri; Farzad Qafouri; Habib Honari
Volume 17, Issue 41 , December 2018, Pages 223-234
Abstract
Evaluating the sporting talents to take advantage of their potential is a necessity for every sport's instructor and practitioner. Therefore, the study is to determine the factors of the talent process as an exploratory study in combat athletes. The method of this research was exploratory and of type ...
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Evaluating the sporting talents to take advantage of their potential is a necessity for every sport's instructor and practitioner. Therefore, the study is to determine the factors of the talent process as an exploratory study in combat athletes. The method of this research was exploratory and of type of modeling. The statistical population of this study consisted of managers of federations, sports heroes and active experts in the field of martial arts bullying in middle ages of 2005 to 1393. Based on a targeted sampling, 200 people (142 males, 58 females) completed a researcher-made questionnaire of talent identification. Exploratory Factor Analysis showed that the questionnaire of talent identification factors in martial athletes had a fourfold structure (talent discovery, talent identification, selection, selection, and application), which explains 54.92% of the variance of the tool. In addition, the confirmatory factor analysis also showed that the model for determining the factors of the process of scalability is of desirable fit (RMSEA = 0/09, GFI = 0/09, CFI = 0/9). Also, the internal consistency of the questionnaire of the process of apostasy was obtained by Cronbach's alpha (0/87), indicating the satisfactory internal consistency of this tool. Therefore, in order to identify the factors involved in the process of talent identification, a questionnaire of the process of identification can be used.
Original Article
Mohammad Babaei; Forough Fattahi Masroor; Nader Shakeri
Volume 17, Issue 41 , December 2018, Pages 235-247
Abstract
The study is to identify the status quo and obstacles to the development of general sport in the country as a qualitative study. The methodology of this study was applied in terms of purpose and in terms of qualitative and quantitative method, data collection method was used. The statistical population ...
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The study is to identify the status quo and obstacles to the development of general sport in the country as a qualitative study. The methodology of this study was applied in terms of purpose and in terms of qualitative and quantitative method, data collection method was used. The statistical population of the study consisted of all professors and sports management specialists (60), heads of federations (52), managers of sports and youth of the provinces (31) and experts of the Ministry of Sports and Youth (200 persons). In the qualitative section, two methods of theoretical sampling and snowball were used. In a small section, 217 respondents answered the questionnaires. Validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by the structural and formality validity and reliability of the questionnaire by using Cronbach's alpha test on a sample of 30 with 0.81. The results showed that the general state of sport in some cases is desirable and in some cases, such as the "institutionalization of exercise in families", is at an unfavorable level. The lack of space and sports equipment and the lack of attention of other organizations to public sport were the most important barriers to public sport in the country. It is suggested that using the specific strategies at each obstacle, reduce its destructive effects, provide the context for the development and promotion of public sports in the country.
